"Think for a moment of the complex reasoning this mama exhibited: first, she had memory — memory of her four previous losses, in which bringing her new calf to the barn resulted in her never seeing him/her again (heartbreaking for any mammalian mother). Second, she could formulate and then execute a plan: if bringing a calf to the farmer meant that she would inevitably lose him/her, then she would keep her calf hidden, as deer do, by keeping her baby in the woods lying still till she returned. Third — and I do not know what to make of this myself — instead of hiding both, which would have aroused the farmer’s suspicion (pregnant cow leaves the barn in the evening, unpregnant cow comes back the next morning without offspring), she gave him one and kept one herself."
In
Approaches to change,
Andrea Gewessler describes what I see as finally gaining momentum for revolving our institutions to a truly bottom up approach. People are really starting to get this.
"[...] they intended to adopt the approach of looking at what was not working as well as they wanted so that they could learn from their mistakes and improve. At that opportune moment they stumbled across Appreciative Inquiry (AI) and investigated what was working already instead. One of the big revelations was that their communities are already self-organising and that this self-organisation is a powerful change agent. So what works is creating an enabling environment rather than one that imposes change from the top. As a result of this finding, they revisited their entire approach to change. Instead of going into communities with a project idea such as an energy campaign, they offered communities their support with their own concerns that they wanted to work on and find solutions for."
"[...] The main fear that politicians have is that citizens could come up with fanciful wishes that require abundant financial resources and that are just not do-able. However, experience has shown that the opposite is the case – citizens generally recognise what is working and consider it their own responsibility to improve things further. Insights like this can only come from the people."
"[...] Another challenge is that once it is working, some politicians fear that their positions and roles become superfluous and again this is unfounded. [...]" ...Well, we'll see about that ;-)
In
A matter of democracy,
she goes on to give a nice description of the choice creating methodology in action:
"In a DF meeting participants sit in a semi-circle with four flipcharts and a trained facilitator in front of them. There is a flipchart each for problem-statements, solutions, data and concerns. The role of participants is to be authentic and bring their understanding of the problem, solutions, supporting data and concerns about the problem to the meeting at any time. There is no such thing as “not relevant at this stage” or “can you hang on to this thought till later” or even “maybe at a different meeting”. Every contribution is acknowledged and written down on the flipcharts. The facilitator sorts the contributions by putting them on the most appropriate flipchart, protects contributors and what they have said, asks questions to elicit further details and helps individuals to be brought into the conversation. It is tough work for the facilitator to keep the flame of a group of 8 to 12 people burning, whilst honouring each and every contribution and keeping the red thread going. This is challenging as participants can, with their words and contributions, be on any flipchart at any time. It is not the facilitatorʼs role to guide people to focus on solutions, problems, concerns or data but to get their contribution most meaningfully into the space. The group of participants goes through several phases usually starting off with what is referred to as a purge, the stage when all the feelings that have been stored up about the topic come out. This can be a very heated phase which because of its unloading function rarely reveals novel insights. However, once people have said whatever they needed to say a very productive stage is reached that often culminates in an insight for the whole group. Participants reach conclusions, reframe the problem and generate the energy to do something about it."
As well as a concise description of how that methodology is deployed in a political context:
"Wisdom Councils use Dynamic Facilitation with a group of about 12 randomly selected people within a community or organisation who come together for a day and a half, often a Friday afternoon and Saturday, to talk bout issues that matter to them. We are not talking about a topic pre-determined important by whoever is considered in charge but one that emerges from We The People, very often consisting of individuals who may not carry any formal authority within an organisation or community. Instead of taking decisions, which is a cutting-away, choice-creating delivers additionality. There is no voting on the best solution and no formal consensus but a working together till everyone feels it is quite clear what the intelligent responses to the issue at hand are. Participants bring the knowledge but also their feelings and experiences into the Wisdom Council.
After a day and half the randomly selected Wisdom Council then reports back its solutions and its thinking to a wider group, which in the case of large organisations may still only represent a small microcosm of the whole."
"[...] Wisdom Councils appeal because they want to work with this passion that people have for complex issues [...] These are the things that we often feel powerless to change. Wisdom Councils are a mechanism for organisations and society to reclaim that ability to influence and co-create."
Mit
Participate.ch
lancieren wir das Konzept vom Konsensforum als Instrument für deliberative Demokratie in der Schweiz:
Die aktuellen gesellschaftspolitischen Herausforderungen verlangen von uns ein anderes Vorgehen als das bekannte lineare Denkschema von Analyse-Planung-Umsetzung. Es braucht neue Wege des gegenseitigen Verständnisses für nachhaltigere Lösungen.
Das Konsensforum.
Ziel von Participate.ch ist es, Menschen durch die Teilnahme an einem Konsensforum dazu zu befähigen, sich eigenverantwortlich mit den Problemen Ihrer Lebenswelt zu beschäftigen und selbst nach Lösungen zu suchen. Das als Empowerment bezeichnete Konzept der Selbstbefähigung ist ein wesentliches Moment gesellschaftlicher Selbstorganisation und somit ein gelebtes Beispiel partizipativer Demokratie und Subsidiarität.
Die Methodik eines Konsensforums beruht auf einer einfachen Form der Bevölkerungsbeteiligung wie sie in der Schweiz bereits für das Zukunftsforum in Thalwil eingesetzt wurde, und welche es kostengünstig und rasch erlaubt, Selbstorganisation und Eigenverantwortung in der Bevölkerung zu stärken und bessere politische Lösungen zu finden.
Neue Ideen und Wahlmöglichkeiten
Ziel eines Konsensforums ist es, neue Ideen und Wahlmöglichkeiten zu finden, die von allen Beteiligten mitgetragen werden. Mit dem Konsensforum können Ideen entstehen, die über bekannte oder nahe liegende Lösungsansätze hinausgehen. Das Konsensforum trifft keine politischen Entscheidungen, kann aber alleine durch die öffentliche Präsentation der Überlegungen und Empfehlungen eine grosse Wirkung haben.
Aus unserer Sicht sind partizipativ-demokratische Strukturen wie das Konsensforum ein wichtiges und bislang fehlendes Element in der Zusammenarbeit zwischen der Politik, der Verwaltung, den Interessengruppen und der Bevölkerung.
Ablauf von Konsensforen
Während einem Konsensforum arbeiten jeweils 12-16 zufällig ausgewählte Personen zwei Tage hinter verschlossenen Türen am Thema. Aufgrund der Zufallsauswahl handelt es sich bei den TeilnehmerInnen um Leute aus der breiten Bevölkerung, die über keinerlei spezielles Vorwissen oder spezielle Qualifikationen verfügen. Insbesondere vertreten sie dadurch keine Interessengruppen, sondern ihre persönliche Meinung. Die TeilnehmerInnen schärfen während ihrer Zusammenarbeit die relevanten Fragen, Probleme und Lösungsideen und folgen dabei dem, was den Teilnehmenden wirklich wichtig ist. Die dahinterliegende Methode des Konsensforums ist sehr intensiv, da alle Zugänge und Perspektiven berücksichtigt werden und ein gemeinsames Anliegen entsteht.
Am Ende des zweiten Tages präsentieren diese 12-16 Personen in einer gemeinsamen Erklärung ihre Ergebnisse der Öffentlichkeit. Gemeinsam werden diese diskutiert. In Resonanzgruppen werden die Ergebnisse mit Vertretern aus Verwaltung und Politik weiter diskutiert und fliessen in die politischen Gremien ein.
Durch die Konsensforen entwickelt Participate.ch mit der Bevölkerung Ideen, die nicht nur innovativ sind, sondern auch breite Zustimmung, Identifikation und Akzeptanz finden.
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